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PROBLEMS OF WOMEN IN KARACHI PAKISTAN Depression Symptoms, Depression causes, Depression treatment, Antidepressants, Medical help, Some do's and don'ts when you are depressed --- Medical information of depression, Diagnostic criteria for major depression, Depression/: differences in Men and women, Depression and suicide, High risk factors for depression, Treatment principles for depression, Depression and the life time reproductive cycle, Pre menstrual depression,  Depression during pregnancy, Depression during post partum period, depression during peri menopausal period , Depression associated with Infertility Miscarriage or perinatal loss

SURGICAL WEBSITES             KIDNEY SURGERY         POSTGRADUATE SURGERY LINKS 

BREAST DISEASE     Breast cancer Breast lump Breast awareness Breast calcifications  Breast cysts Breast pain Duct ectasia Fat necrosis Fibroadenoma Hyperplasia Intraductal papilloma Phyllodes tumour Sclerosing adenosis                                                                                                                                                 

LIVER ABSCESS      Anatomy of liver Physiology of liver Method of examination of liver Haematology of liver disease. Amoebic liver abscess .Pyogenic liver abscess. Percutaneous needle aspiration of liver abscess. Case study.  Result Result continued  Discussion                                                                 

CHOLECYSTECTOMY    Introduction   Historical Review  Anatomy of Gallbladder Physiology of Gallbladder Physiologic effects of pneumoperitoneum Pathology  of Gallbladder Investigations Pre- operative preparation of laparoscopic cholecystectomy Contraindications  Treatment modalities for gallstones.  Anaesthesia                                                                                                                       

INGUINAL HERNIA    HOW SURGICAL OPERATION IS DONE     THYROID EXAMINATION MANAGEMENT OF SEVERELY INJURED PATIENT      SEPSIS AND MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE CHEST TRAUMA     BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA     TETANUS AND ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS 

A fibroadenoma is a benign (non-cancerous) solid lump of tissue. It is thought to result from increased sensitivity to the female hormone oestrogen. It normally has a rubbery texture, is smooth to the touch and moves easily under the skin. For this reason it is sometimes called a 'breast mouse'. A fibroadenoma may be painless, or it can be tender or even painful.

Fibroadenomas are very common and it is not unusual to have more than one. They are mostly found in young women but can occur in women of any age.

Most fibroadenomas are about 1-3cm in size. These are referred to as 'common' fibroadenomas. Occasionally they can grow to more than 5cm in size, and these are called 'giant' fibroadenomas. Fibroadenomas found in teenage girls are referred to as 'juvenile' fibroadenomas.

Most fibroadenomas stay the same size. Some get smaller and some will eventually disappear over time. A small number get bigger and this may be more noticeable during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Diagnosis

Your GP will usually be able to say whether the lump feels like a fibroadenoma but s/he may refer you to a specialist at a breast clinic for a definite diagnosis.

At the breast clinic you will probably have a triple assessment, which is a breast examination, mammogram (breast x-ray) and a fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), where cells from the lump are drawn off with a fine needle and syringe. In some clinics you may have a core biopsy rather than a FNAC. This is where tissue samples of the lump are taken rather than cells. If you are under the age of 35 you are likely to have an ultrasound scan rather than a mammogram. This is because younger women's breast tissue is too dense to give a good image. For more detailed information about these tests,

Treatment

In most cases you will not need any treatment or follow-up once a diagnosis has been confirmed. You will generally only be asked to return to your GP or the breast clinic if the lump gets bigger or becomes painful.

In some circumstances a fibroadenoma may be removed, for example if it is larger than 3cm or if you are particularly anxious about leaving it.

The lump will be removed in a small operation under a general anaesthetic. You may be in hospital just for the day, or overnight, and you will have a small wound with a stitch or stitches in it. When the lump is removed it does not usually affect the shape of the breast, as the normal breast tissue will fill out and make up for it.

What this means for you

You may feel anxious about what having a fibroadenoma means for you. On the one hand you may feel relieved that it is a benign condition, but you may still worry about breast cancer. Having a fibroadenoma does not increase your risk of breast cancer, but it is still important to be breast aware and go back to your GP if you notice any further lumps or other changes.